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Enterprise Security Magazine | Thursday, March 03, 2022
Digital forensics is a branch of forensic science that focuses on locating, acquiring, processing, analyzing, and reporting data stored electronically.
FREMONT, CA: Digital forensics is a term that refers to the scientific investigation process through which computer artifacts, data points, and other information are gathered in the aftermath of a cyber assault. Computer forensics is a subfield of digital forensics concerned with the extraction of evidence from computers.
The role of a digital forensic examiner is to offer information such as the following:
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The forensics investigator can then provide companies with a written report detailing what the attacker accomplished and how they did it in layman's terms.
Cybercrime is notoriously difficult to investigate since the crime scene occurs entirely in the digital realm. It may even be challenging to ascertain how the cyber threat infiltrated the network if the attackers sought to conceal their footprints. Using an all-too-familiar scenario: In the event of a home burglary, companies may return to find smashed glass and broken windows, leading you to believe that a crime has been committed. The evidence is far less evident in the online realm.
A thorough digital forensics investigation will assist a firm in deducing more information about cybercrime and what occurred on the network. To illustrate how digital forensics works, the procedure can be broken down into some steps:
Identification: This step establishes the investigation's scope and the goals and objectives that must be reached. Identifying the evidence that must be gathered and the devices used (computers, network traffic logs, and storage media devices) will drive the investigation and must be reviewed.
Preservation: Appropriate processes and activities are made to preserve the maximum digital evidence possible on the impacted network.
Typically, preservation is accomplished through the use of an image backup file. It is vital to employ imaging software with "write blocks" to ensure that the forensic examiner creating the image leaves no other digital footprints.
After creating the image backup, all evidence before the image is recorded.
Computers continually acquire and modify the data they keep in the form of access logs, data backups, etc. If these logs are not preserved immediately, critical information required for the forensic investigation may be overwritten.
While forensics techniques differ, investigators will typically retrieve digital artifacts such as:
The longer companies wait to conduct the digital forensics examination, the more likely it will result in previous data being overwritten and input logs changing. As is the case with every crime scene, evidence acquired closer to the incident enables investigators to paint a more precise picture of what occurred.
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